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Endometrium and cervix Michael L. Nimaroff, M.D. - North Shore University Hospital OB-GYN Associates

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Endometrium and cervix

Female reproductive organs in pelvis, with close-up of uterus, endometrium, cervix, and vagina.

The cervix is the lower part of the uterus that opens into the vagina.

The endometrium is the mucous membrane that lines the inside of the uterus. The endometrium changes throughout the menstrual cycle. About once a month, it thickens with extra blood vessels. A pregnancy can occur if a fertilized egg attaches to, or implants in, the endometrium. If a pregnancy doesn't occur, part of the endometrium is shed, causing menstrual bleeding.

Current as of: May 1, 2026

Author: WebMD Ignite Staff
Clinical Review Board
All WebMD Ignite education is reviewed by a team that includes physicians, nurses, advanced practitioners, registered dieticians, and other healthcare professionals.

Current as of: May 1, 2026

Author: WebMD Ignite Staff

Clinical Review Board
All WebMD Ignite education is reviewed by a team that includes physicians, nurses, advanced practitioners, registered dieticians, and other healthcare professionals.